Pueblo Revival

Pueblo Revival buildings imitate the adobe architecture of the Pueblo peoples of New Mexico and Arizona. Walls are thick and stuccoed in earth tones, with rounded corners and parapets of uneven height, and they often slope slightly inward toward the top. Most are built of brick, concrete or wood frame under the stucco rather than true adobe. Flat roofs drain through spouts called canales. Round wooden roof beams called vigas project through the outer walls, and upper floors step back from the ones below.

Isaac Rapp's New Mexico Museum of Art in Santa Fe (1917) and La Fonda hotel on the Santa Fe plaza (1922) are early examples; Mary Colter redesigned La Fonda's interiors after 1925. John Gaw Meem's Zimmerman Library at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque (1938) applies the style to a large modern building. Territorial Revival, a related style, keeps the flat roofs but adds brick edging along the top of the walls and painted wooden window frames with triangular tops.

Pueblo Revival began in the Southwest in the first decade of the 1900s, drawing on Pueblo adobe buildings and on Spanish mission architecture. Mary Colter's Hopi House at the Grand Canyon, built for the Fred Harvey Company and opened on January 1, 1905, was designed to resemble a Hopi pueblo and served as a shop where Hopi artisans made and sold crafts. At the University of New Mexico, president William G. Tight had campus buildings designed in the style, including Edward Buxton Cristy's 1908 remodeling of Hodgin Hall.

The style was most popular in the 1920s and 1930s, especially in Santa Fe and Albuquerque, where Isaac Rapp and later John Gaw Meem designed many public buildings. In 1957 Santa Fe passed a Historic Zoning Ordinance requiring new buildings in its historic center to follow the 'Old Santa Fe Style,' which includes Pueblo Revival. The style also spread to Arizona, Colorado, California and Florida, and it is still used for houses, hotels and public buildings in New Mexico.