Tudor Revival

Tudor Revival houses have steep, intersecting gable roofs, half-timbering (dark boards set into light stucco or brick on the upper walls and gables), tall decorated chimneys, and tall, narrow windows grouped in rows, often with small leaded panes. Some have an upper floor that overhangs the one below. In medieval English houses the timber frame carried the building; in Tudor Revival houses the boards are applied to the surface of a brick or wood-stud wall.

Port Sunlight, the model village William Lever built for his soap factory workers on the Wirral in England from 1888, has about 900 listed buildings, many of them half-timbered. Stan Hywet Hall in Akron, Ohio (1912-1915), built for Goodyear co-founder F. A. Seiberling, was modeled partly on English manor houses including Haddon Hall and Ockwells Manor. Forest Hills Gardens in Queens, New York, was built mostly between 1910 and 1917 from precast concrete panels.

Tudor Revival began in England in the second half of the 19th century, drawing on English medieval house building more than on the Tudor period itself. Richard Norman Shaw's Cragside in Northumberland (late 1860s) and George Devey's Ascott House in Buckinghamshire (about 1876) used half-timbering and tall chimneys. At Port Sunlight, nearly thirty architects designed about 800 houses between 1889 and 1914, applying the style to workers' housing. Liberty's department store in London (1924) is a later commercial example.

The style spread to American suburbs after about 1900 and was most widely built there in the 1920s and early 1930s. Stan Hywet Hall and Forest Hills Gardens date from this period. Large concentrations remain in Westchester County, New York, and in New Jersey suburbs such as Englewood and Teaneck. In Britain, the writer and cartoonist Osbert Lancaster named the suburban version Stockbroker's Tudor in his 1938 book Pillar to Post.